【108年警大研究所】碩士班英文詳解
108年警大研究所碩士班英文解析
一、 Vocabulary and Phrases （20分）
1. Establishing the point at which to arrest someone is an important factor in determining the ____ of evidence.
（A）admissibility (B) interpretation (C) condition (D) execution
測定證據的____的時候，確定逮捕犯人的地點是很重要的因素。
（A）可採納性 （B）演繹、解釋 （C）情況 （D）處決、執行
2. If you keep backbiting me, I’ll definitely sue you for ____.
(A) deception (B) defamation (C) exploitation(D) persecution
如果你一直背後誹謗我的話，我必定要以____的名義告發你
（A）欺騙 （B）誹謗 （C）剝削 （D）迫害
3. A ____ should be ordered on prostitution.
(A) restitution (B) clampdown (C) stereotype(D) getaway
在賣淫這件事上，必須下令____。
（A） 歸還、補償 （B）取締、鎮壓 （C）刻板印象 （D）逃離
根據本題語意，（B）選項的前者意思較符合題目所需。
4. The young boy was caught ____ a scooter.
（A）rolling back (B) raking up (C) ripping off (D) ripping up
這個年輕男生___摩托車___的時候，被逮捕了。
（A）削減…的價格 （B）（無明確意思）（C）對…敲竹杠 （D）撕爛
5. The purpose of traffic control is two-fold, that is, to ____ traffic and to eliminate potential traffic conflicts.
(A) deter (B) congest (C) approach (D) expedite
交通控制有兩大部分：可分為____交通，以及消除潛在的交通衝突。
（A） 遏制 （B）使…堵塞 （C）靠近、著手處理 （D）促進
6. Officers are instructed not to act ____ towards citizens in the line of duty.
(A) professionally (B) courteously (C) prudently (D) condescendingly
警察受到這樣的教育：在執勤的時候，不應該____面對民眾。
（A）專業地 （B）禮貌地 （C）謹慎地 （D）以居高臨下的態度
7. Many people believed that the murder suspect’s actions and his continued threat to public safety would keep him ____ for life.
（A）incarcerated (B) impounded (C) inundated (D) engulfed
許多人相信：犯下謀殺案的兇手，由於自己有行為因素，且兇手本身對公共安全的威脅性會持續下去，因此需要被終生____。
（A）監禁 （B）扣押 （C）淹沒 （D）吞沒
8. Report has it that a senior staffer of a leading law firm was accused of____ billions of dollars in stock from an American corporate client.
(A) bedazzling (B) embezzling (C) exerting(D) luring
根據報導，有一位率領法律事務所的職員，被別人指控從一家美國的企業客戶____數十億美元。
（A）使…困惑 （B）挪用、侵吞 （C）運用、行使 （D）引誘、誘惑
根據本題語意，（B）選項的前者意思較符合題目所需。
9. If you use other people’s research results without mentioning the original authors, it is thought to be copyright ____.
(A) arraignment (B) infrastructure (C) infringement (D) moratorium
如果你事先沒有提到原作作者的大名，而使用了其他人的研究結果的話，就會被認定為著作權____。
（A） 傳訊 （B）公共設施 （C）侵犯 （D）暫停、中止
10. Even after they were arrested, the criminals prided themselves on and bragged about their advanced technology in ATM ____ devices and counterfeit credit cards.
（A）bugging (B) preying (C) banning (D) tending
那些罪犯之前在自動取款機安裝的先進____設備，以及仿造的信用卡，即使他們被逮捕了，他們依舊對這些“事蹟”感到自豪，還不時吹噓一番。
（A）竊聽 （B）獵捕 （C）禁止 （D）照顧、護理
二、Translation（30分）
（一）中翻英（15分）
警察機關位於刑事司法體系的最前線，不僅選擇將何種類型的犯罪人送入刑事司法程序，而且還決定將多少數量的犯罪人送入刑事司法程序，顯見位居刑事司法體系守門者角色的重要性。
As the forefront of criminal and jurisdictional system, the police force not only sends criminals of any types into criminal and jurisdictional procedures, but determines how many criminals to be sent into criminal and jurisdictional procedures. Obviously, we may see the significant role as a gatekeeper of criminal and jurisdictional system.
（二）英翻中（15分）
Society has long looked to police departments to deal effectively with crime. For a long time the public was content with police departments whose primary role was to apprehend offenders, so society could hold law breakers accountable for their crimes.
長期以來，社會一直指望警察局能夠拿出效率辦理犯罪案件，若有警察局的主要角色是逮捕犯人的話，那麽就能讓民眾感到很滿意。因此社會就要對犯下案件的犯人追究責任。
三、Reading Comprehension（20分）
（一）請依下文回答第1題至第5題：
Police research demonstrated the need for agencies to evaluate the 1___of their responses. Both quantitative and 2 ___data should be used as a basis for evaluation and change. Police departments need to know more about what their 3 ___are doing. Agencies are 4 ___to find enough resources for performing crime trend analyses; most also do not conduct proper workload analyses to know how much uncommitted time is 5___to their officers.
對警察機構的回應1___進行評估，這類的需要已經從警察研究得到了論證。不管是量的資料，還是2___資料，都應當作為評估和改變的基礎。警察機關需要知道他們的3___從事事項是什麼，為了針對犯罪展現趨勢上的分析，也會4___找出足夠資源，而大多數的機關為了知道警察有多少5___時間，並不會對適當的工作量進行分析。
1. (A)extradition (B)effectiveness (C)exile (D)episode
（A）引渡 （B）效益 （C）放逐 （D）插曲
2. (A)illegal (B)scanning (C)qualitative (D)vandalism
（A）非法的 （B）掃描的 （C）質的 （D）破壞公物
3. (A)officers (B)factories (C)corporations (D)income
（A）警察 （B）工廠 （C）大公司 （D）收入
4. (A)preventive (B)struggling (C)approaching (D)peacemaking
（A）預防性的 （B）努力、掙扎 （C）接近、著手處理 （D）調解
本題要注意空格後方有不定詞to find，原來是struggle to（努力從事於）的意思，為固定用法。（C）選項是陷阱，若答案是（C）選項，那麽後方也不需要加上to find了，直接說approaching enough resources就行。
5. (A)detective (B)perspective (C)reductive (D)available
（A）偵查用的 （B）透視的 （C）簡化的 （D）可用的，有空的
根據本題語意，（D）選項的後者意思較符合題目所需。
（二）請依下文回答第6題至第10題：
The key to understanding organized crime is to recognize that, like corporations and other businesses, it exists for a single purpose: to make a profit in a capitalist economy. The key difference between organized crime and “legitimate” businesses is that organized crime often makes much of its profit from illicit goods and services and organized crime is prepared to use illegal means and practices, including violence, to achieve its profit-making goals. Like legal businesses, organized crime also seeks to gather and harness political power to assist in the conduct of its business. Once again, however, organized crime is prepared to pursue that goal, if necessary, through recourse to illegal methods. Actual violence is rare in organized crime activities, and is usually related to street-level activities. While violence is bad for business, the potential for violence is often enough to give organized crime networks a distinct advantage in the marketplace.
要明白組織型犯罪，關鍵就在於辨別集團公司和其他企業的差異，組織型犯罪存在的緣由只有一個目的，那就是在資本經濟當中獲利。而組織型犯罪和“合法”公司間的關鍵差異，就在於組織型犯罪常常從非法商品和服務當中獲取利潤，而組織型犯罪已準備好採取各種非法手段和花招，就連暴力也包含在內，為的是作為達成獲利目標的手段。組織型犯罪也會尋求政治權力，隨後再駕馭這股力量，進而協助企業業務的開展，這一點與合法企業很像。但是要再強調一次：如果必要的話，組織型犯罪會藉著非法手段追求獲利目標，且通常和街道層面的活動有關。雖然暴力能給企業帶來負面影響，但是在市場當中，暴力本身的潛能，已足夠作為集團犯罪的明顯好處了。
6. According to the passage, the author discusses
(A) illicit enterprise and profit-making.
(B) organizational strategy of a legitimate corporation.
(C) violent interactions among corporations.
(D) organizational structure of organized crime groups.
根據本文，作者討論著以下哪一個選項？
（A） 非法企業和獲取利潤
（B） 合法企業的組織型戰略
（C） 企業當中的暴力衝突
（D） 組織型犯罪團體當中的組織結構
7. Based on the passage, which statement is correct?
(A) There is no difference between organized crime and legal businesses.
(B) Actual violence is usually used by organized crime networks to occupy market.
(C) Political power can help organized crime to pursue illegal profits.
(D)Organized crime will use political power to pursue benefits, but corporation won’t.
根據本文，以下哪一個敘述正確？
（A） 組織型犯罪和合法公司之間並沒有差異。
（B） 集團犯罪通常會運用實質暴力攻占市場。
（C） 政治權力可幫助組織型犯罪獲取非法利潤。
（D） 組織型犯罪可運用政治權力追求利益，但是集團公司卻不會如此。
8. Organized crime often makes much of its profit from
(A) charity.
(B) loan-sharking, gambling and pornography.
(C) big data analysis of market.
(D) state-run businesses.
組織型犯罪常常從以下哪一個選項獲取利益？
（A） 慈善機構
（B） 高利貸、賭博、色情
（C） 市場的大數據分析
（D） 國營企業
9. According to the passage, which statement is incorrect?
(A) Making a profit is the purpose for organized crime.
(B) Making a profit is the purpose for legal corporation.
(C) Even violence is not good for business, it is still helpful to organized crime networks.
(D)Organized crime attempts to accumulate and use political power, by legal approaches, to assist in the conduct of its business.
根據本文，以下哪一個敘述不正確？
（A） 對組織型犯罪而言，獲利是目的。
（B） 對合法企業而言，獲利是目的。
（C） 即使暴力對企業弊大於利，依舊能給集團犯罪帶來幫助。
（D） 組織型犯罪試圖藉著合法手段，積累並駕馭政治權力，目的是為了協助企業業務的開展。
10. The word “advantage” in the last sentence most nearly means
(A) handicap. (B) hindrance. (C) burden. (D) benefit.
最後一句的詞語“好處”，和以下哪一個選項的詞語意思最接近？
（A） 殘疾、殘障 （B）阻撓 （C）負擔 （D）利益
四、Essay（30分）
Write an essay on the following topic. The length of the essay should be no less than100 words and no more than 250 words.
The Use of Police Force
The use of force is a double-edged sword for the police. Used properly, force can help bring criminals to justice. On the contrary, excessive or poor force use may lead to the criticisms of state violence or public servants’ inertia. What are the keys to a reasonable and justifiable use of force? Write an essay on this issue.
Sometimes we hear some news about how brave officers successfully subdue criminals after shooting. On the other hand, some officers receive negative impressions after executing some force against citizen’s expectations. Obviously, statutes about proper moments to use force are not explicitly defined in Taiwan, so foreign examples allowing shooting would be borrowed in the next paragraph.
In the U.S., police officers may be allowed to hold guns and aim at any suspects no matter their actions seem slight or heavy. For instance, a thief without any intent to anyone may also be legally shot by officers. Even though the thief is found dead later, officers may also exempt from being punished by law. Unlike the U.S., officers who do this would be likely to face imprisonment of several years in Taiwan.
According to the related standard, legal experts have defined one term, called proportionality, which emphasizes protection of human rights when implementing any force. However, this abstract concept based on constitution has brought a couple of problems. Under urgent circumstances, police can never hesitate whether it is the current moment which allows them to shoot at gangsters. When they face potentially dangerous hooligans, even their hesitation for five seconds may put their lives in danger! That’s why National Police Agency began to encourage officers to courageously use guns a year ago, but justifiable principles of using guns are hard to judge, especially the proprieties involving using force. Sadly, this issue won’t be easily resolved lately until a consensus is reached.
