【110年三等警察特考】警察專業英文完整解析
110年三等警察特考 專業英文完整解析
甲、申論題部分:(25 分)
中譯英:(25分)
臺灣彰化地方法院109 年度訴字第 687 號刑事判決,被告黃○○進 行陳情抗議活動,造成前往處理之某分局員警洪○○跌倒受傷,經檢 察官以傷害、妨害公務等罪嫌提起公訴。法院查驗證據發現,分局長 事前指示遭遇陳抗民眾推擠時,員警要直接順勢跌倒,並將陳抗人士 以現行犯逮捕;致使法院無法排除其係為了要逮捕被告而順勢倒地的 可能;故以罪疑惟輕之原則,判決被告無罪,並於判決書中附記事項。 請將該判決書附記事項以下部分譯為英文: 「我國既為法治國家,執法者除了應廉潔自持外,執法手段更必須合 法正當,不得逾越應恪守之界線,此即本院一再強調的『執法之前, 先要守法』基本觀念。……正因出於對員警執法安全的重視和保護, 本院懇切呼籲警界長官們,切勿對基層員警做出不當的指示或要求, 也再次提醒每位堅守崗位、認真付出的員警們,你們應恪遵的對象, 唯有『國家的憲法與法令』!
ROC, as a country under the rule of law, enforcers should not only follow the integrity and discipline themselves, but implement means of enforcements legitimately and validly without going beyond boundary lines you should obey. This is the fundamental concept of “abiding by the law before enforcing it.” emphasized by our court. In light of our respect and protection of security when police are enforcing the law, we sincerely urge supervisors not to assign improper instructions and requests to grassroots police officers. Again, we remind those officers who stick to their posts and put a lot of work: Only the constitution and decree of our country is the object you should abide by.
乙、測驗題部分:(75 分)
41 While it is important to recognize that police officers have a dangerous job, it is also important to realize that killing unarmed citizens is a __________ of the oath they have taken.
(A) distinction (B)graduation (C)violation (D)regulation
承認警察這門行業很危險,實在很重要,另外也要瞭解一件事:警察若是奪走手無寸鐵公民的性命,就_________了他們當初立下的誓言。
(A)區分 (B)畢業 (C)違反 (D)法規、規則
42 Illegal immigrants awaiting __________will be put into one of these detention centers before they are transported back to their countries.
(A) detention (B)determination (C)deportation (D)deliberation
那些非法移民都要等待____________的手續,之後被拘禁在拘留中心,最後被警方送回自己的國家。
(A)拘留 (B)決心 (C)驅逐出境 (D)深思熟慮
43 If a person was acquitted on a charge, it means he __________.
(A)received a sentence from the judge
(B)was arrested by the police
(C)was not found guilty in court
(D)became a witness in a case
如果有人被無罪釋放,意思是他__________。
(A) 法官對他判了刑
(B) 被警方逮捕
(C) 在法庭中無罪
(D) 在安件中成為目擊者
44 You should show the residents of the household the search __________before you enter the property to conduct a search.
(A)warrant (B)proscription (C)ban (D)license
你進入房屋進行搜查時,應該出示____________給房屋住戶看。
(A)搜查令 (B)禁止 (C)禁令 (D)執照
45 A person who breaks into the computer system of another person is a ___________.
(A)heckler (B)hacker (C)hustler (D)hipster
入侵別人電腦系統的人士,就是__________。
(A)起鬨的人 (B)駭客 (C)騙子 (D)追趕時髦的人
46 She not only refused to cooperate with the field sobriety test but also began to quarrel with the officers, so they charged her with __________the work of the police.
(A)operating (B)negotiating (C)distorting (D)obstructing
她不僅拒絕接受現場清醒程度測試,還跟警方爭吵,因此警方指控這位女士_________公務罪。
(A)操作 (B)協商 (C)歪曲 (D)妨礙
47 The police ___________the nightclub in the middle of the party and found weapons and illegal drugs inside.
(A)raided (B)fortified (C)repossessed (D)fostered
夜店舉辦宴會到一半的時候,被警方___________,警方也在店內發現了武器和非法毒品。
(A)突襲 (B)強化 (C)收回 (D)促進
48 The women appear to have been kidnapped from their native villages and forced to provide sexual services; they are likely the victims of ___________.
(A)social work
(B)heroin addiction
(C)human trafficking
(D)domestic violence
看來這名女士被自己部落綁架,被迫提供性服務,因此他們有可能是___________的被害者。
(A)社會工作 (B)海洛因成癮 (C)人口販運 (D)家庭暴力
49 Travelers with a negative COVID-19RT-PCR test report still have to undergo a 14-day __________ after they arrive in Taiwan either in a hotel or alone in a residence.
(A) management (B)quarantine (C)observation (D)isolation
如果觀光客回到台灣。經過聚合酶連鎖反應測試後,得到了陰性報告的話,依舊需要經過14天的___________,可以是在旅館中或是獨自在住處呆著。
(A) 管理 (B)隔離 (C)觀察 (D)隔離
*本題有兩個答案。
50 Those who plan to travel abroad are urged to have the COVID-19 ____________before their departure to build immunity against the virus.
(A)vaccine (B)accentuation (C)diagnosis (D)infection
若你打算出國,政府呼籲你在離開之前,施打新冠肺炎的_____________,才能打造免疫力抵抗病毒。
(A)疫苗 (B)強調 (C)診斷 (D)感染
請依下文回答第51題至第55題:
Would Covid masks help criminals get away with it? It was the question posed by police, academics and many others when face coverings became 51__________ in shops and other places last year. Now, it seems, they have their answer as Kent police in the UK say catching a person guilty of a crime has become even 52__________ as putting together an accurate efit (electronic facial identification technique)–which officers use like wanted posters– is difficult when the person 53__________ is wearing a mask. Susan Morrison, a civil supervisor at Kent police’s identification office, said, “We are seeing an increase in reports of guilty people wearing masks. And while we view each case separately, sometimes it can be more stressful for the victim to go through the process of making an efit, than the result is useful to the investigation.” The phenomenon is 54___________ limited to the UK. US media outlets have reports on a couple in Connecticut committed a series of crime in a day, during which they are accused of robbing several shops while disguised in medical masks. In order to 55____________ an increase in mask-assisted crime, professors at Leeds University’s law school warned shop owners to look out for robbers returning for a second bite of the cherry. This is because they know that successful commercial robbers return to the same, nearby or same-type places.
去年以來,面罩已經在店鋪和其他地點成為51__________商品,此時警察、學者、以及其他人士就提出了一個疑問:新冠肺炎的面罩有沒有可能幫助犯人逍遙法外呢?據英國肯特警察局所述,警方會運用一種通緝海報,再作為電子人臉辨識技術(efit),但即使憑藉這種技術,如果53___________犯人戴著面罩,那麽警方即使要逮捕有罪的犯人,也會變得52___________。在肯特警察局當中,有一位在身份證辦公室中任職的民事監督員——蘇珊.莫里森,說:“根據報告,有越來越多有罪的人戴著面罩。若我們單獨瀏覽每一個案件,被害人又要經歷這種efit技術的話,有時候就會揹負壓力。那麽我們得到的結果就會對調查有用。”。此種現象54____________侷限於英國,根據美國媒體指出:康涅狄格州有一對夫婦一天就犯下多起案件,而且這段期間,有人指控他們搶劫好幾家店鋪的時候,也恰好戴著醫學面罩。而這一類以面罩作為犯罪輔助工具的犯罪有增加的跡象,而利茲大學的法律系教授為了55__________這種現象,因而向店主提出警告,要加以防範搶匪再度返回店中再度犯案。正是因為他們知道那些商業搶匪,都會返回同樣的地點、附近的地點、以及相同類型的地點,再度成功得逞。
51 (A)essential (B)memorial (C)beneficial (D)imperial
(A)有必要的 (B)紀念性的 (C)有益的 (D)帝國的
52 (A)smoother (B)trickier (C)clumsier (D)guiltier
(A)更加順利 (B)更加棘手、更加難辦 (C)更加笨拙 (D)更有罪
53 (A)in theory (B)in common (C)in question (D)In general
(A)理論上 (B)共同的 (C)有問題的 (D)總體上的
54 (A)from now on (B)time and again (C)all the way (D)by no means
(A)從現在起 (B)一而再再而三 (C)一直 (D)絕不會
55 (A)cease (B)march (C)pursue (D)obtain
(A)遏止 (B)行進 (C)追求 (D)獲得
請依下文回答第56題至第60題:
The killing of George Floyd by police officers in Minneapolis and the shooting of Jacob Blake by police in Wisconsin have led many police departments in the US to deal with unpleasant situations they have avoided till now. As thousands have marched in the streets to protest against racial inequality, many others have also been forced to ask some difficult questions about their levels of prejudice. While some people mistake racism as being only plain prejudice, there is another crucial component that affects our decision and actions towards others: implicit bias. An implicit bias is any prejudice that has formed accidentally and without our direct knowledge– and it can often counter our obvious beliefs and behaviors. Usually, it reflects a mixture of personal experience, attitudes around us as we have grown up, and our wilder exposure to society and culture–including the books we read, television we watch and news we follow. Many police departments in the US have pointed to strategies aimed at tackling implicit bias as evidence of their attempts to root out racism from their ranks. Police departments are not alone in hoping tackling unconscious bias can bring about change. Multinational corporations have also commanded implicit bias training in response to racist incidents involving their employees.
佛羅伊德在明尼阿波利斯這個城市,被來自威斯康星州的警員——亞克布.布雷克奪走性命,使得美國的許多警察局,不得不著手處理不怎麼愉快的狀況,直至現在也依舊如此。由於有上千民眾為了抗議種族不平等,才在街道遊行,有些人也因為受到不同程度的偏見,才被迫問問題。雖然有些人誤認為種族歧視不過是明顯的偏見罷了,但是還有另一個要素,能夠影響我們對其他人做出決定和行為,那就是隱晦的偏見。隱晦的偏見形成的時候,不需要我們直接認知——而且還會和我們顯而易見的信念和行為相互抵銷。一般而言,我們成長的時候,如果我們自身的經驗、別人面對我們的態度、以及我們身處的社會和文化等三種因素經過結合的話,那麽這種結合產物就會被隱晦的偏見反映出來,連我們看過的書、看過的電視頻道、以及我們追隨的新聞,也都是這種結合產物中的一部分。美國許多警察局為了解決隱晦的偏見,已經提出一些策略,而那些警員曾經仗著階級對別人展現種族歧視,如今他們再試圖消除這種偏見,這種方法,正是他們實施這種策略的一種證據。警察局希望將這種無意識的偏見消除,但警員並不孤單,而且還能帶來改變。有些跨國企業的員工還被捲入了種族歧視的事件,為了因應這種情形,企業才要求進行一套訓練,再進一步消除隱晦的偏見。
56 Which of the following best describes what the passage is about?
(A)Implicit bias is a crucial component in racism.
(B)Police and corporations tackle racism together.
(C)People mistake racism as accidental prejudice.
(D)The US police have made evidence of tackling bias.
以下哪一個選項,最能夠表述本文的主旨?
(A) 在種族歧視中,隱晦的偏見是重要的要素之一。
(B) 警方和企業共同消除種族歧視。
(C) 人們將種族歧視誤認為意外的偏見。
(D) 消除偏見的證據,是美國警方捏造出來的。
57 According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about implicit bias?
(A)Racist incidents involve a certain level of implicit bias.
(B)People are barely aware of having implicit bias.
(C)Corporations have also commanded implicit bias.
(D)The US police avoid fixing unpleasant situations.
根據本文,關於隱晦的偏見,我們可推測出以下哪一個選項?
(A) 和種族歧視有關的事件,都牽涉了一定程度的隱晦偏見。
(B) 人們幾乎無法意識到隱晦的偏見。
(C) 就連企業也要求對別人展現隱晦的偏見。
(D) 美國警方避免修復不愉快的狀況。
*本題有兩個正解。
58 Which of the following best describes the organization of the information in the passage?
(A) Comparison-Contrast.
(B) Process Analysis.
(C) Cause and Effect.
(D) Simple Listing.
以下哪一個選項,最能表述本文當中組織資訊的方法?
(A) 比較——對比
(B) 過程——分析
(C) 因果關係
(D) 簡單列表
59 Based on the following sentence, what can you infer about the meaning of the italicized word? “Many police departments in the US have pointed to strategies aimed at tackling implicit bias as evidence of their attempts to root out racism from their “ranks”.”
(A)Grades achieved by the police.
(B)Qualities involving in the police.
(C)Positions related to the police.
(D)People belonging to the police.
根據以下句子,你可以從被標註引號的詞語“階級”,推測出什麼?
“美國許多警察局為了解決隱晦的偏見,已經提出一些策略,而那些警員曾經仗著階級對別人展現種族歧視,如今他們再試圖消除這種偏見,這種方法,正是他們實施這種策略的一種證據。”
(A) 警察獲得的成績。
(B) 警察的素質。
(C) 和警察有關的職位。
(D) 人民屬於警察管轄。
60 What kind of tone does this passage have?
(A)Informative. (B)Respectful. (C)Sympathetic. (D)Disapproving.
本文的寫作口吻是哪一類?
(A) 提供資訊的口吻。
(B) 敬佩的口吻。
(C) 同情的口吻。
(D) 失望的口吻。